![]() It deploys two-phase rotations to work for multipath transmission in fast-fading environments. ![]() The designed architecture (please refer to Figure 11) overcomes the defects introduced by shaping filters used with GFDM, namely self-created inter-carrier interference (ICI) and ISI as well. Figure 1 demonstrates the different research axes that will be discussed in the paper, in addition to the logical organization of the paper.Ĭhang and Ueng recommend a GFDM receiver scheme based on index modulation (IM), considering a fading channel variable in time. Therefore, the current paper gives a detailed overview of the recent advantages of MIMO systems in general and classifies the MIMO-OFDM waveforms, channel estimators, and equalizers. Thus, there is a need for comprehensive review papers that analyze the current MIMO waveforms, channel estimation, and equalizations techniques. In addition, there are some surveys of channel estimation and signal processing over massive MIMO systems. The exception is that there are some review papers on the MIMO-OFDM systems used especially for the underwater acoustic communication concept, where the transmission conditions are completely different to those of over-air transmission. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been until now no review paper that specifically discusses the recent works concerning channel estimation and the equalization process for MIMO-OFDM systems. Nonetheless, several authors have analyzed the MIMO channel estimation and modeling problem. Only a few papers discuss the waveforms tested using MIMO systems. Moreover, some research perspectives are identified. Hence, the current work focuses on analyzing the recently used algorithms in the field, which could be a rich reference for researchers. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been until now no review paper specifically discussing the recent works concerning channel estimation and the equalization process for MIMO-OFDM systems. In the literature, only a few authors have discussed the MIMO channel estimation and modeling problems for a variety of MIMO systems. The existing MIMO hardware and software innovations, in addition to the MIMO-OFDM equalization techniques, are discussed concisely. Two topics have received special attention: MIMO waveforms and MIMO-OFDM channel estimation. The current deeper review paper inspects and interprets the state of the art and addresses several research axes related to MIMO-OFDM systems. In the literature, there is no convenient survey study that rounds up all the necessary points to be investigated concerning such systems. MIMO-OFDM is a key technology and a strong candidate for 5G telecommunication systems.
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